Artificial intelligence, or AI, is the intelligence exhibited by machines or software. It is also the name of the academic field of study focused on creating computers and computer software that are capable of intelligent behavior. Major AI researchers and textbooks define this field as “the study and design of intelligent agents,” in which an intelligent agent is a system that perceives its environment and takes actions that maximize its chances of success. John McCarthy, who coined the term in 1955, defines it as “the science and engineering of making intelligent machines.”

What follows is an infographic from buddyloans.com that provides a visual history of AI:

Infographic: A Guide to Modern Artificial Intelligence via buddyloans.com